COCKROACHES 蟑螂

General Biology

Cockroaches are nocturnal insects which active at night.
Their body is flattened dorsal-ventrally.
They have two pairs of wings folded flat over the dorsal.
Most species rarely fly but they walk very fast.
Their color usually varies from light brown to black.
The species vary from 2– 3mm to over 80mm in length.
Prefer to have their body touching on a surface when resting or foraging

	American Cockroach	German Cockroach	Brown banded Cockroach
Adult Size	35-40mm	10-15mm	10-14mm
Appearance	Shiny reddish to chocolate brown	Light yellowish-brown	Yellow & brown bands across the body
Behavior	In the nymphal stage, they are wingless and not capable to fly. Adults have useful wings and can fly for short distances. If they start from a high place, such as a tree, they can glide for some distance. However, despite their ability to glide, they are not regular fliers. They can run very fast.	The female usually carries the egg case before egg hatched	Mini scavengers that will eat almost all organics matters, including bodily fluids and decaying matter.
Habitat	Sewer tanks, drainage area	They prefer to live in warm and humid places which are close to food and moisture sources. They usually reside in a residential and commercial kitchen as well as places like bathrooms.	They live inside buildings, feeding on food and household items. They don’t require as much moisture as other roaches, so they tend to live in drier places, such as bedrooms and living areas. They avoid water and prefer high locations like the upper cabinets in the kitchen or bathrooms.
Information	The egg case measures 8–10mm in length and contains 16 eggs	Smallest domestic cockroach in the world The egg case is light in colour which about 7-9mm in length and contains about 40 eggs	The egg case is 4-5mm in length and contains about 16 eggs.

LIFE CYCLE

Undergo incomplete metamorphosis
Egg -> Nymph -> Adult
Newly emerged nymphs look similar to miniature adults, which is wingless, and have undeveloped sexual organs.
Nymphs will undergo moulting several times before becoming adults.
No. of moults and development period varies among species.
Males reached maturity faster.

Approaches to control them

Insecticide residual spraying
Gel baiting
Insect glue trap

Fun facts about Cockroaches

People who fear about cockroach – Katsaridaphobia
Madagascar hissing cockroach can be kept as a pet.
Omnivorous – cockroaches feed on any kind of food available
Cockroaches can survive with depletion of food & water for at least 2 week

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